![]() AGRICULTURAL CHOPPER AND USE THEREOF
专利摘要:
Agricultural chopper (1), comprising: a) an inlet opening (2) for loading the agricultural product, b) a chopping unit (3) for chopping the agricultural product, c) an outlet (4) for outputting the agricultural product chopped agricultural product, d) a supply unit (5) for transporting and feeding the agricultural product to the chopping unit (3), and e) a blowing unit (8) to transfer the chopped agricultural product from the chopping unit (3) to the outlet ( 4) and blow out therealong, characterized in that the feed unit (5) comprises a feed element (9), the feed element (9) being mounted around a feed rotation axis (10) positioned substantially along the guiding direction (6) and is arranged to rotate in order to transport and feed the agricultural product to the chopping unit (3) along the guiding direction (6). 公开号:BE1023175B1 申请号:E2015/5726 申请日:2015-11-06 公开日:2016-12-12 发明作者:Erwin Willems 申请人:V.D.W. Constructie Bvba; IPC主号:
专利说明:
AGRICULTURAL CHOPPER AND USE THEREOF Technical domain The present invention relates to an agricultural chopper for chopping straw, more in particular straw bales, for example rectangular straw bales, root crops, for example beets, potatoes, etc., and the use thereof. State of the art Agricultural forage harvesters according to the preamble of the first claim are already known in the art. EP2436261, for example, describes an agricultural forage harvester for chopping litter products such as, for example, hay, straw, corn stalks, etc. The agricultural forage harvester comprises an inlet opening for loading the agricultural product into the forage harvester, a chopping unit for chopping the agricultural product, a an outlet for outputting the agricultural product, a feed unit for transporting and feeding the agricultural product along a guiding direction to the chopping unit, and a blower unit for blowing the chopped agricultural product from the chopping unit to the outlet and out there along. More specifically, the feed unit comprises a feed belt for feeding the agricultural product, in this case the litter product, to the chopping unit. However, it has been found that such a feed belt considerably complicates the agricultural forage harvester by making the forage harvester heavier, increasing the risk of the forage harvester failing, increasing the amount of energy required to drive the forage harvester, increasing the size of the forage harvester etc. Explanation of the invention An object of the present invention is to reduce the complexity of agricultural forage harvesters. This object is achieved in accordance with the invention by means of an agricultural forage harvester which exhibits the technical properties according to the characterizing part of the first claim. To that end, the agricultural forage harvester is characterized in that the feed unit comprises a feed element. The feed element is mounted around a feed rotation axis that is positioned substantially along the guide direction. The supply element is also adapted to rotate in order to transport the agricultural product and to feed it to the chopping unit along the guiding direction. An agricultural chopper with such a feed element has been found to make it possible to omit the feed belt, whereby the complexity of the agricultural chopper can be reduced, while still sufficient agricultural product is supplied to the chopping unit. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the feed element is adapted to pull the agricultural product to the chopping unit. Surprisingly, it has been found that it is at least as efficient to pull the agricultural product to the chopping unit as to push it to the chopping unit, or even better. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the supply element comprises an engagement element which is attached to a supply rotation shaft, for example a screw which is spiraled around the supply rotation shaft. The engaging element can for instance comprise knives, optionally in addition to the screw. The feed rotation shaft is positioned along the feed rotation axis. The feed rotation shaft is adapted to rotate the feed element, in this case the engagement element, more particularly the screw, around the feed rotation axis. The screw has been found to make it possible to move the agricultural product in the direction of the chopping unit. Moreover, it has been found that such a screw is much less susceptible to defects than, for example, a feed belt. Moreover, it has been found that, in the case that the agricultural product is in the form of a packed material, such as, for example, a bale, for example a straw bale, the engagement element makes it easier to disintegrate the packed nature of the packed material. For example, it has been found that the engaging element makes it possible to disintegrate a bale, as a result of which the chopping action of the chopping unit can be improved. Without wishing to be bound by any theory, it is argued that the engaging element, which is preferably directed substantially at the center of the packed material, for example a bale, by acting in the vicinity of the center of the packed material on the compressed nature of the packed material, surprisingly also interacts with the packed nature of the entire packed material, rather than simply having an effect on the center of the packed material. According to embodiments of the present invention, the blower unit comprises a blower element which is mounted around a blower rotation shaft positioned substantially along the guide direction, and which is adapted to rotate to cut the chopped agricultural product from the chopper unit to the outlet and out therethrough. to blow. According to further embodiments of the present invention, the supply rotation shaft is positioned along the bladder rotation axis. According to further embodiments of the present invention, the supply rotation shaft is fixed to the center of rotation of the blower element. According to further embodiments of the present invention, the bladder element is fixed to a bladder rotation shaft positioned along the bladder rotation axis, the bladder rotation shaft adapted to rotate the bladder element about the bladder rotation axis. According to further embodiments of the present invention, the bladder shaft and the supply shaft are mounted coaxially. According to further embodiments of the present invention, the bladder shaft and the supply shaft are fixed to each other. Such embodiments have been found to make it possible to reduce the number of independently moving elements in the shredder in order to reduce the risk of defects. According to further embodiments of the present invention, the chopping unit comprises a chopping element which is mounted around a chopping rotation axis which is positioned substantially along the guide direction, and which is adapted to rotate in order to chop the agricultural product. For example, in the context of the present application, 'chopping' does not only mean cutting the agricultural material into smaller pieces, such as, for example, when cutting potatoes and beets into smaller pieces for further processing, such as animal feed, but also, for example as an alternative to or as an addition to the cutting, the loosening of packed material into individual components, for example the loosening of individual particles from for example a bale, for example individual straws from a straw bale. It has been found that the cooperation of the feed unit and the chopping unit makes it possible to improve the chopping action of the chopping unit, in particular, for example, in the sense of loosening packed material into individual components as described above. According to embodiments of the present invention, the chopping element is circumferentially driven such that the shape of the chopping element can be adjusted with more freedom, and for example such that a passage opening can be provided in the chopping element at its chopping rotation axis. According to preferred embodiments, the chopping element comprises a circumferential ring from which at least one engagement spoke, preferably more, such as for example two, three, four, five, six, seven etc. protrude axially in the direction of the center of the ring. The engagement spoke is preferably provided with at least one engagement position, preferably more, such as, for example, two, three, four, five, six, seven, etc., for engaging and chopping up the agricultural product. According to embodiments of the present invention, the feed element protrudes at least partly through the passage opening in the direction of the feed opening, since in such an embodiment the feed element can pull the agricultural product to the chopping element and further to the blower unit. In this case it has also been found that the interaction of the chopping unit and the feed unit is improved, which allows an improved release of packed material, for example bales, for example straw bales. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the feed element protrudes at least in part through the passage opening from the blower element in the direction of the inlet opening, since in such an embodiment the feed element can pull the agricultural product to the chopping element and further to the blower unit. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, at least two, preferably all, of the feed rotation axis, the bladder rotation axis and the chopper rotation axis are collinear, since such a configuration allows a fairly simple construction. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, at least one, preferably at least two, of the feed element, the blower element and the chopping element are adapted to rotate at a different angular speed. It has been found that in this way the different angular speeds of the various elements, if any, can be adapted to the specific situation in which they are used. Moreover, the angular velocity of the feed element and that of the chopping element is preferably different, since it has been found that in such a configuration the chopping action, in particular in the sense of loosening packed material, is improved. The invention also relates to the use of the agricultural forage harvester according to the invention. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the agricultural product is litter product, for example straw, hay, corn stalks, etc. Preferably, the agricultural product is packed, such as, for example, in the form of bales, preferably square bales, although round bales are also possible. However, other agricultural products are also possible, such as beets, apples, potatoes, etc. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the agricultural chopper is used to provide a substrate for covering a floor, for example in a shed. The agricultural chopper is used, for example, to provide animal litter, for example cows, horses, sheep, pigs, etc. According to other embodiments of the present invention, the agricultural chopper is used to provide animal feed and to export the feed along the outlet to the correct location. According to other embodiments of the present invention, the agricultural shredder is used to shred agricultural product in order to further process the shredded product in a fermentation plant, for example in a biogas plant. Brief description of the illustrations The invention will be further elucidated with the aid of the following description and the enclosed illustrations. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the agricultural forage harvester according to the present invention. Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the forage harvester according to Figure 1. Figure 3 shows a rear view of the forage harvester according to Figure 1. Embodiments of the invention The present invention will be described with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to certain illustrations; however, it is not limited to that, but is only determined by the conclusions. The illustrations described are only schematic and non-limiting. In the illustrations, the size of some elements for illustrative purposes may be magnified and not drawn to scale. The dimensions and relative dimensions do not necessarily correspond to actual practical embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, the terms first, second, third, and the like, in the description and claims, are used to distinguish between similar elements, and not necessarily to describe a sequential or chronological order. The terms are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, and the embodiments of the invention may function in sequences other than described or illustrated herein. Furthermore, the terms upper, lower, top, bottom, and the like, in the description and the claims, are used for descriptive purposes, and not necessarily to describe relative positions. The terms thus used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, and the embodiments of the invention described herein may function in other orientations than described or illustrated herein. The term "comprising", used in the claims, should not be interpreted as being limited to the means listed thereafter; it does not exclude other elements or steps. The term is to be interpreted in the sense that it specifies the presence of said properties, numbers, steps or components as indicated, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other properties, numbers, steps or components, or groups thereof from. The scope of the expression "a device comprising means A and B" should therefore not be limited to devices that consist solely of components A and B. It means that for the present invention, the only relevant components of the device A and B to be. Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the agricultural forage harvester 1 according to the present invention. The agricultural forage harvester 1 shown in Figure 1 comprises a mounting means 27 for mounting the agricultural forage harvester on a conveying device which itself has been omitted from the figures. Although the agricultural forage harvester 1 can also be provided with its own means of transport, it is preferred that the agricultural forage harvester 1 can be detachably mounted on a conveying device, to allow the conveying device to be used for different purposes. Examples of transport devices that can be used to mount the agricultural forage harvester 1 are, for example: a tractor, a telescopic handler, etc. It has been found that it is advantageous to make the forage harvester 1 detachably mountable to a telescopic handler, since telescopic handlers are often available on a farm and have proven to be very suitable for this purpose. In the case that the shredder 1 is mounted on a telescopic handler, it is preferably mounted on the end of the telescopic boom, for example on the pallet fork, if is available. Figure 1 shows, for example, that the mounting means comprises holes with which the chopper can be attached to the transport device, for example by means of bolts. The forage harvester 1 further comprises an inlet opening 2 for loading the agricultural product into the forage harvester 1. The opening 2 is preferably adapted to the type of agricultural product that is loaded into the forage harvester 1, In figure 1 it can be seen that the opening 2 is delimited with a guide channel 7 for guiding the agricultural product, more in particular to a chopping unit 3 of the chopper 1. The chopping unit 3 is arranged for chopping the agricultural product and is shown in more detail in Figures 2 and 3. As can be seen in more detail in Figure 3, the chopping unit 3 in this embodiment comprises a chopping element 17 mounted around a fictitious chopping rotation shaft 18, which is positioned substantially along the guiding direction 6 and is arranged to rotate in order to chop the agricultural product. In figure 2 it can be seen that the chopping element 17 according to the illustrated embodiment is driven at its periphery 19. More specifically, the chopping element 17 has a passage 20 on the chopping rotation axis. According to the illustrated embodiment, the chopping element 17 comprises a circumferential ring 30 from which two engagement spokes 28 extend axially in the direction of the center of the ring 30. The engagement spokes 28 are provided with at least one engagement position 29, in this case four, for engagement and chopping. of the agricultural product. As can be seen in Figure 3, the engagement spokes 28 are preferably positioned at regular distances around the circumference of the ring 30. The chopping unit 3 is shown schematically in Figure 3 with a chopping drive unit 22. The chopping drive unit 22 can be any type of drive unit that is suitable for those skilled in the art. For example: a belt drive as shown in Figure 2, a gear drive etc. The forage harvester 1 further comprises an outlet 4 for carrying out the chopped agricultural product. The outlet 4 shown in the figures is provided with outlet adjustment means 16 which are adapted to direct the outlet 4 in a desired direction. The illustrated outlet adjusting means 16 is in the form of hydraulic or pneumatic adjusting means 16, but this is not crucial to the invention, and any other type of adjusting means 16 can be used, such as, for example, mechanical adjusting means using gears, etc. The chopper 1 shown in the figures further comprises a feed unit 5 for transporting and feeding the agricultural product along the chopping unit 3 along a guiding direction 6. The feed unit 5 shown in the figures comprises a feed element 9. The feed element 9 is mounted around a fictitious feed rotation shaft 10 which is positioned substantially along the guide direction 6 and is adapted to rotate in order to rotate the agricultural product along the guide direction 6 transport and to the chopping unit 3. As can be seen in Figures 2 and 3, the feed element 9 comprises a screw 11 which is spirally wound around a feed rotation shaft 12 which is positioned along the feed rotation shaft 10. The feed rotation shaft 12 is provided to rotate the feed element 9 about the feed rotation shaft 10. As can be seen in Figure 2, the supply unit 5 preferably comprises a supply drive unit 24 which is adapted to drive the supply unit 5. Furthermore, in figures 2 and 3 it can be seen that the chopper 1 comprises a blower unit 8 for blowing the chopped agricultural product from the chopper unit 3 to the outlet 4 and out there along. The blower unit 8 shown in Figures 2 and 3 comprises a blower element 13 which is mounted around a fictive blower rotation shaft 14 which is positioned substantially along the guide direction 6 and which is adapted to rotate in order to dispose the chopped agricultural product from the chopper unit 3 to the outlet 4 and blowing out along it. Such blower units 8 are quite well known in the art and are therefore not fully discussed in detail here. As can be seen in the figures, the blower unit 8 comprises a blower channel 25 along which the chopped agricultural product is blown to the outlet 4. The blow channel 25 is here positioned at the rear of the forage harvester 1, in the vicinity of the mounting means 27, since this makes it possible to make the forage harvester 1 more compact. However, this is not crucial to the invention, and the blow channel 25 can be positioned as found suitable by those skilled in the art. As shown in Figure 2, the blower unit 8 preferably comprises a blower drive unit 23 adapted to drive the blower unit 8. As can be seen in Figure 2, the supply rotation shaft 12 is preferably positioned along the bladder rotation axis 14, since such positioning allows for a simpler construction. As can be seen in Figure 2, the blower element 13 is fixed to a blower rotation shaft 16 which is positioned along the blower rotation shaft 14. The blower rotation shaft 16 is adapted to rotate the blower rotation about the blower rotation shaft 14. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the supply rotation shaft 12 is even fixed to the center of rotation 15 of the blower element 13, more particularly coaxially with and fixed to the blower shaft 16. As a result, the rotation of the blower element 13 also causes the rotation of the blower element 13. supply shaft 12, and moreover, the blow drive unit 23 and the supply drive unit 24 are preferably designated as the same. However, such an embodiment is not crucial for the present invention, and the supply shaft 12 can also be driven, for example, independently of the rotation of the blower element 13. To this end, the supply drive unit 24 and the blow drive unit 23 can be, for example, independent drive units which are adapted to independently drive the blower element 13 and the supply element 9, respectively. As can be seen in figure 2, the supply element 9 preferably protrudes at least partly through the passage opening 20 from the blower element 13 in the direction of the inlet opening 20. Although such an embodiment is preferred because of the engagement of the center of the agricultural product, in particular in the case of compacted agricultural material, the feed element 9 can also be positioned in any other way which the skilled person considers suitable. Figure 2 depicts the preferred embodiment, wherein the feed rotation axis 10, the bladder rotation axis 14 and the chopping rotation axis 18 are all collinear. Such a configuration has been found to enable a relatively simple, light and compact construction of the forage harvester 3. In the embodiment shown in the figures on the one hand and a chopper drive unit 22 and on the other hand the blower drive unit 23 and the supply drive unit 24 are different. Such a configuration has been found to make it possible to rotate the blower element 13 and the feeder element 9 at a different angular velocity than the chopping element 17, and even to change the direction of rotation of the blower element 13 and the feeder element 9 relative to of the chopping element 17. The direction of rotation of the chopping element 17 is preferably alternated, since changing the direction of rotation of the blowing element 13 has an influence on the blowing of the chopped agricultural material, which is generally less desirable. Such a difference in the angular velocity of the blowing element 13 and the feeding element 9 with respect to that of the chopping element 17 can be used to increase the chopping effect of the chopping element 17 and the feeding element. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the angular velocity of the chopping element 17 is relatively slow compared to that of the blower element 13 and the feeder element 9, for example less than half or even a tenth of the angular speed of the blower element 13 and / or the feeder element 9. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the angular speed of the chopping element 17 is in the range between 10-60 rotations per minute, preferably for example at 30 rotations per minute. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the angular velocity of the feed element 9 is in the range between 400-600 rotations per minute, preferably, for example, at 540 rotations per minute. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the angular velocity of the blower element 13 is in the range between 400-600 rotations per minute, preferably, for example, at 540 rotations per minute or 500 rotations per minute. Preferably, the various drive units provided on the forage harvester 3 are hydraulically driven. However, this is not crucial to the invention, and the various drive units can also be pneumatically driven, or by a combustion engine, an electric motor, etc. As can be seen in the figures, the forage harvester 1 is also equipped with a mirror 21, preferably an adjustable mirror 21, in order to make it possible to look into the forage harvester from the mounting location of the forage harvester 1, the mounting location facing the inlet opening 2 lies along a guiding direction 6 of the forage harvester 1. The presence of the mirror is, however, not crucial for the invention. The mirror can also be replaced by, for example, a camera, although such a configuration would increase the complexity of the forage harvester 1. The material of the various components of the forage harvester 1 can be selected by the person skilled in the art and can be, for example, metal, for example steel or even aluminum, taking into account the desired weight reduction. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the guide channel 7 is releasably mounted on the rest of the forage harvester 3 to allow, for example, a more compact storage of the forage harvester 3 out of use. List of reference figures: 1 agricultural forage harvester 2 input opening 3 chopper unit 4 outlet 5 feed unit 6 guide direction 7 guide channel 8 blower unit 9 supply element 10 supply rotation axis 11 screw 12 supply rotation shaft 13 blower element 14 blower rotation shaft 15 rotation center 16 blower rotation shaft 17 chopper rotation shaft 18 chopper rotation axis 19 chopper drive unit 23 blower drive unit 24 feed drive unit 25 blower channel 26 outlet adjustment means 27 mounting means 28 engagement spoke 29 engagement position 30 ring
权利要求:
Claims (18) [1] Conclusions An agricultural chopper (1) for chopping agricultural product, comprising: a) an inlet opening (2) for loading the agricultural product into the chopper (1), b) a chopping unit (3) for chopping the agricultural product agricultural product, c) an outlet (4) for carrying out the chopped agricultural product, d) a feed unit (5) for transporting and feeding the agricultural product to the chopping unit (3) along a guiding direction (6), comprising a guide channel (7) for guiding the agricultural product, and e) a blower unit (8) for blowing the chopped agricultural product from the chopping unit (3) to the outlet (4) and along it, characterized in that the supply unit (5) comprises a supply element (9), the supply element (9) being mounted around a supply rotation axis (10) positioned substantially along the guide direction (6) and adapted to rotate in order to transport the agricultural product and to the chopping unit (3) to be guided along the direction of guidance (6). [2] The agricultural chopper (1) according to claim 1, wherein the feed element (9) is adapted to pull the agricultural product to the chopping unit (3). [3] The agricultural forage harvester (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the feed element (9) comprises a screw (11) spirally wound around a feed rotation shaft (12) which is along the feed rotation axis (10) positioned, wherein the feed rotation shaft (12) is adapted to rotate the feed element (9) about the feed rotation axis (10). [4] The agricultural chopper (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the blower unit (8) comprises a blower element (13) mounted around a blower rotation axis (14) positioned substantially along the guide direction (6) and is arranged to rotate to blow the chopped agricultural product from the chopping unit (3) to the outlet (4) and out there along. [5] The agricultural chopper (1) according to claim 4, if at least dependent on claim 3, wherein the feed rotation shaft (12) is positioned along the blow rotation axis (14). [6] The agricultural chopper (1) according to claim 5, wherein the feed rotation shaft (12) is fixed to the center of rotation (15) of the blower element (13). [7] The agricultural chopper (1) according to any of claims 4-6, wherein the blower element (13) is fixed to a blower rotation shaft (16) positioned along the blower rotation shaft (14), the blower rotation shaft (16) is arranged to rotate the bladder element about the bladder rotation axis (14). [8] The agricultural chopper (1) according to claim 8, if at least dependent on claim 3, wherein the bladder shaft (16) and the feed shaft (12) are mounted coaxially. [9] The agricultural chopper (1) according to claim 8, wherein the blower shaft (16) and the feeder shaft (12) are fixed to each other. [10] The agricultural chopper (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the chopper unit (3) comprises a chopper element (17) mounted around a chopper rotation axis (18) substantially along the guide direction (6) is positioned and arranged to rotate in order to chop the agricultural product. [11] The agricultural chopper (1) according to claim 10, wherein the chopping element (17) is driven at the periphery. [12] The agricultural chopper (1) according to any of claims 10 or 11, wherein the chopping element (17) has a passage opening (20) on the chopping rotation axis. [13] The agricultural chopper (1) according to claim 12, at least in combination with claim 3, wherein the feed element (9) extends at least partially through the passage opening (20) in the direction of the input opening (20). [14] The agricultural chopper (1) according to claim 13, at least in combination with claim 4, wherein the supply element (9) protrudes at least partly through the passage opening (20) from the blower element (13) in the direction of the inlet opening ( 2). [15] The agricultural chopper (1) according to any of the preceding claims, if at least dependent on claims 4 and 10, wherein at least two, preferably all, of the feed rotation axis (10), the bladder rotation axis (14) and the chopper rotation axis (18) is collinear. [16] The agricultural chopper (1) according to any of the preceding claims, if at least dependent on claims 4 and 10, wherein at least one, preferably at least two, of the supply element (9), the blower element (13) ) and the chopping element (17) are arranged to rotate at a different angular speed. [17] Use of the agricultural forage harvester (1) according to any of the preceding claims. [18] Use of the agricultural chopper (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the agricultural product is straw.
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日 EP3017685A1|2016-05-11| BE1023175A1|2016-12-12|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题 DE815573C|1950-07-01|1951-10-04|Cramer Maschf|Device for automatically pulling in the material to be chipped in chipping machines| DE873617C|1951-07-14|1953-04-16|Josef Eisele|Haeckselmaschine| DE918175C|1952-03-20|1954-09-20|Josef Eisele|Haeckselmaschine| WO1995026129A1|1994-03-29|1995-10-05|Vetron Holdings Limited|Apparatus for spreading material| IT1401860B1|2010-09-29|2013-08-28|Crono Srl|BRAIDING MACHINE FOR LITTER PRODUCTS| NL2006398C2|2011-03-15|2012-09-18|Metaalwerk Arie Belo B V|DEVICE FOR REDUCING VEGETABLE PRODUCTS AND METHODS FOR OPERATING SUCH DEVICE.|BE1027686B1|2019-10-16|2021-05-17|V D W Constructie|A SHREDDER FOR SHREDDING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS|
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 EP14192459.7A|EP3017685A1|2014-11-10|2014-11-10|Agricultural shredder and use thereof| EP14192459.7|2014-11-10| 相关专利
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